potable water:
groundwater:
water quality:
salinity:
hard water:
distillation:
reverse osmosis
Climate
Current(s)
Swell(s)
Qualitative
Quantitative
Sediment(s)
Lithosphere
Weathering: 359
Continental divide
Esker(s): 364
Glacier(s): 364
Drumlin(s): 364Moraine(s): 364
Friday, May 29, 2009
Monday, May 25, 2009
UNIT TEST THIS WEEK
Here's what to study:
All the parts and functions of the cell
Unicellular vs multicellular
Organs of the body and their functions, read about each
connections and similarities between organs... ie. the esophagus is attached to the stomach, which is attached to the small intestine, which is attached to the large intestine.
The heart
All the parts and functions of the cell
Unicellular vs multicellular
Organs of the body and their functions, read about each
connections and similarities between organs... ie. the esophagus is attached to the stomach, which is attached to the small intestine, which is attached to the large intestine.
The heart
Monday, April 6, 2009
Quiz Coming up
Quiz:
Please study and know the following:
labeling the microscope
handling the microscope
6 characteristics of living things
Darwin and his theory
Please study and know the following:
labeling the microscope
handling the microscope
6 characteristics of living things
Darwin and his theory
Thursday, March 12, 2009
Monday, March 9, 2009
Homework and Vocabulary topic 1
Your homework for today is to hand in one of the following:
Title page, cells and systems, Vocabulary topic 1, or the moon word search. You should have already handed one of these items in at the end of class today.
Topic 1 Vocabulary
Cells and Systems
Organism
Nutrients
Metabolism
Stimulus
Response
Structures
Function
Charles Darwin
Organ
Organ system
Respiratory system
Digestive system
Nervous system
Excretory system
Skeletal system
Muscular systemIntegumentary system
Title page, cells and systems, Vocabulary topic 1, or the moon word search. You should have already handed one of these items in at the end of class today.
Topic 1 Vocabulary
Cells and Systems
Organism
Nutrients
Metabolism
Stimulus
Response
Structures
Function
Charles Darwin
Organ
Organ system
Respiratory system
Digestive system
Nervous system
Excretory system
Skeletal system
Muscular systemIntegumentary system
Wednesday, March 4, 2009
Light & Optics Self Assesment
1. Are there any optics related issues or occupations you would like to explore more?
2. Is there anything you can do to improve the quality of work in the activities we did?
3. Is there anything you can do to improve the way you work in a group?
4. Name two ways optics can have an impact/effect on the environment?
2. Is there anything you can do to improve the quality of work in the activities we did?
3. Is there anything you can do to improve the way you work in a group?
4. Name two ways optics can have an impact/effect on the environment?
Wednesday, February 25, 2009
Eye Discussion Questions
Please answer these and include them in your lab report. It is Due on Monday for 8H and Tuesday for 8G.
1. What is the clear liquid that came out of the cornea called? What does it help to do?
2. Why is the sclera made of such a tough material and for what purpose?
3. You observed the iris. What does it look like? How does its structure make it well adapted to its function?
4. What is the 'blind spot' of the retina? What attaches at this blind spot?
5. Why is the fat and muscle you cut off at the start of the dissection necessary? What purpose does it serve?
6. Why is the tapetum shiny? What purpose does it serve?
7. What are ciliary muscles used for?
1. What is the clear liquid that came out of the cornea called? What does it help to do?
2. Why is the sclera made of such a tough material and for what purpose?
3. You observed the iris. What does it look like? How does its structure make it well adapted to its function?
4. What is the 'blind spot' of the retina? What attaches at this blind spot?
5. Why is the fat and muscle you cut off at the start of the dissection necessary? What purpose does it serve?
6. Why is the tapetum shiny? What purpose does it serve?
7. What are ciliary muscles used for?
Monday, February 23, 2009
Sheep Eye Dissection Procedure
Materials
Sheep eye Latex/vinyl gloves Safety glasses
Lab Apron Dissecting probe Dissecting scissors
Tweezers Dissecting tray Paper towels
Procedure
1. Examine the outside of the eye. See how many parts of the eye you can identify. You should be able to find the whites (or sclera), the tough, outer covering of the eyeball. You should also be able to identify the fat and muscle surrounding the eye. You should be able to find the covering over the front of the eye (the cornea). When the cow was alive, the cornea was clear. In your sheep’s eye, the cornea may be cloudy. You may be able to look through the cornea and see the iris, the colored part of the eye, and the pupil, the dark oval in the middle of the iris.
2. Cut away the fat and muscle.
3. Use the scalpel to make an incision through the sclera in the middle of the eye.
4. Use your scissors to cut around the middle of the eye, cutting the eye in half. You’ll end up with two halves. On the front half will be the cornea. The cornea is made of pretty tough stuff—it helps protect your eye. It also helps you see by bending the light that comes into your eye. Once you have removed the cornea, place it on the board (or cutting surface).
5. The back of the eye is filled with a clear jelly. That’s the vitreous humor, a mixture of protein and water. It’s clear so light can pass through it. It also helps the eyeball maintain its shape.
6. Now you want to remove the lens. It’s a clear lump about the size and shape of a squashed marble. The lens of the cow’s eye feels soft on the outside and hard in the middle. Hold the lens up and look through it. What do you see? Put the lens down on a newspaper and look through it at the words on the page. What do you see?
7. The next step is to pull out the iris. The iris is between the cornea and the lens. It may be stuck to the cornea or it may have stayed with the back of the eye. Find the iris and pull or cut it out. It should come out in one piece. You can see that there’s a hole in the center of the iris. That’s the pupil, the hole that lets light into the eye. The iris contracts or expands to change the size of the pupil. In dim light, the pupil opens wide to let light in. In bright light, the pupil shuts down to block light out.
8. On the inside of the back half of the eyeball, you can see some blood vessels that are part of a thin fleshy film. That film is the retina. Before you cut the eye open, the vitreous humor pushed against the retina so that it lay flat on the back of the eye.
9. Use your finger to push the retina around. The retina is attached to the back of the eye at just one spot. Can you find that spot? That’s the place where nerves from all the cells in the retina come together. All these nerves go out the back of the eye, forming the optic nerve, the bundle of nerves that carries messages from the eye to the brain.
10. Under the retina, the back of the eye is covered with shiny, blue-green stuff. This is the tapetum. It reflects light from the back of the eye. Have you ever seen a cat’s eyes shining in the headlights of a car? Cats, like sheep, have a tapetum.
Clean-up
Place all biological parts of the eye in the biological waste bucket.
Return the tray and tools to the sink and wash them thoroughly, placing tools in the appropriate places
One person must use paper towel and disinfectant to clean up desks and the surrounding area
Place gloves in the garbage
WASH HANDS CAREFULLY
Sheep eye Latex/vinyl gloves Safety glasses
Lab Apron Dissecting probe Dissecting scissors
Tweezers Dissecting tray Paper towels
Procedure
1. Examine the outside of the eye. See how many parts of the eye you can identify. You should be able to find the whites (or sclera), the tough, outer covering of the eyeball. You should also be able to identify the fat and muscle surrounding the eye. You should be able to find the covering over the front of the eye (the cornea). When the cow was alive, the cornea was clear. In your sheep’s eye, the cornea may be cloudy. You may be able to look through the cornea and see the iris, the colored part of the eye, and the pupil, the dark oval in the middle of the iris.
2. Cut away the fat and muscle.
3. Use the scalpel to make an incision through the sclera in the middle of the eye.
4. Use your scissors to cut around the middle of the eye, cutting the eye in half. You’ll end up with two halves. On the front half will be the cornea. The cornea is made of pretty tough stuff—it helps protect your eye. It also helps you see by bending the light that comes into your eye. Once you have removed the cornea, place it on the board (or cutting surface).
5. The back of the eye is filled with a clear jelly. That’s the vitreous humor, a mixture of protein and water. It’s clear so light can pass through it. It also helps the eyeball maintain its shape.
6. Now you want to remove the lens. It’s a clear lump about the size and shape of a squashed marble. The lens of the cow’s eye feels soft on the outside and hard in the middle. Hold the lens up and look through it. What do you see? Put the lens down on a newspaper and look through it at the words on the page. What do you see?
7. The next step is to pull out the iris. The iris is between the cornea and the lens. It may be stuck to the cornea or it may have stayed with the back of the eye. Find the iris and pull or cut it out. It should come out in one piece. You can see that there’s a hole in the center of the iris. That’s the pupil, the hole that lets light into the eye. The iris contracts or expands to change the size of the pupil. In dim light, the pupil opens wide to let light in. In bright light, the pupil shuts down to block light out.
8. On the inside of the back half of the eyeball, you can see some blood vessels that are part of a thin fleshy film. That film is the retina. Before you cut the eye open, the vitreous humor pushed against the retina so that it lay flat on the back of the eye.
9. Use your finger to push the retina around. The retina is attached to the back of the eye at just one spot. Can you find that spot? That’s the place where nerves from all the cells in the retina come together. All these nerves go out the back of the eye, forming the optic nerve, the bundle of nerves that carries messages from the eye to the brain.
10. Under the retina, the back of the eye is covered with shiny, blue-green stuff. This is the tapetum. It reflects light from the back of the eye. Have you ever seen a cat’s eyes shining in the headlights of a car? Cats, like sheep, have a tapetum.
Clean-up
Place all biological parts of the eye in the biological waste bucket.
Return the tray and tools to the sink and wash them thoroughly, placing tools in the appropriate places
One person must use paper towel and disinfectant to clean up desks and the surrounding area
Place gloves in the garbage
WASH HANDS CAREFULLY
Wednesday, February 18, 2009
Quiz coming up Friday Feb. 20
1. Why is it hard to catch a fish with your hands, even though you can see it in the water?
2. Draw a diagram of light travelling through air to glass. Label it with rays and angles.
3. which is more dense, air or glass?
2. Draw a diagram of light travelling through air to glass. Label it with rays and angles.
3. which is more dense, air or glass?
Sunday, February 8, 2009
Topic 2
Refraction Notes
In Earth’s atmosphere, light travels at a speed of 300000 km/s.
When light travels through different mediums (substances or objects), it changes speed. Light bends or refracts when this happens.
The more dense the medium, the greater the angle that light will bend.
Example: Light will bend more when it passes through a diamond rather than water, because diamonds are more dense.
Q. Will light refract more in salt water or fresh water?
Refraction Notes
In Earth’s atmosphere, light travels at a speed of 300000 km/s.
When light travels through different mediums (substances or objects), it changes speed. Light bends or refracts when this happens.
The more dense the medium, the greater the angle that light will bend.
Example: Light will bend more when it passes through a diamond rather than water, because diamonds are more dense.
Q. Will light refract more in salt water or fresh water?
Thursday, January 29, 2009
Practice Questions to prepare for quiz Feb 4 & 5
Practice Questions
1. Name the four properties of light
2. Describe the difference between luminous and non-luminous objects. Give two example for each term.
3. Create a table to describe the early light ideas and the scientists that studied light.
4. Draw and label light rays reflected into a plane mirror. Measure the angles.
5. Define transparent, translucent and opaque
6. Describe two main differences between reflecting and refracting telescopes.
1. Name the four properties of light
2. Describe the difference between luminous and non-luminous objects. Give two example for each term.
3. Create a table to describe the early light ideas and the scientists that studied light.
4. Draw and label light rays reflected into a plane mirror. Measure the angles.
5. Define transparent, translucent and opaque
6. Describe two main differences between reflecting and refracting telescopes.
Monday, January 19, 2009
Light and Optical Systems
Topic 1 Vocab
Optical device
Microscope
Refracting telescope
Reflecting telescope
Binoculars
Topic 2 Vocab
Intensity
Translucent
Opaque
Non-luminous
Luminous
Regular reflection
Diffuse reflection
Incident rays
Plane mirrors
Angle of incident
Law of reflection
Concave mirror
Convex mirror
Refraction
Lens
Focal length
Angle of reflection
Optical device
Microscope
Refracting telescope
Reflecting telescope
Binoculars
Topic 2 Vocab
Intensity
Translucent
Opaque
Non-luminous
Luminous
Regular reflection
Diffuse reflection
Incident rays
Plane mirrors
Angle of incident
Law of reflection
Concave mirror
Convex mirror
Refraction
Lens
Focal length
Angle of reflection
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